What comes to mind when you think of the word “King?” Is it of King Charles III, the British monarchy, the ritual and splendor of his coronation? Or perhaps of the more sordid details of the royal family as depicted in the TV series “The Crown” or the tabloids? Maybe you think of the “Game of Thrones” and the bloody battles over succession and dominance. Or maybe even the King himself—Elvis, either at the height of his career and charisma, or his later years.

What about “Christ the King?” What images does your mind conjure up? Did you know that there’s an image of “Christ the King”—Christus Rex, displayed prominently in our worship space. Christ on the cross, depicted not in his humility and suffering, but reigning in majesty, from the cross.

Today is the last Sunday of the liturgical year. Since 1925 it has been designated as “Christ the King.” It was instituted by Pope Pius XI in 1925 as an effort to resist the rise of secularism and the decline in the political power of the papacy. But it arose in the wake of the devastating First World War and in a time of growing nationalism and fascism. Mussolini had come to power in Italy in 1922, creating a crisis with the papacy.

Christ the King is problematic in several ways. Many people find the use of “king” language off-putting, because of its patriarchal and militaristic connotations. Those interested in fostering egalitarianism or undermining authoritarianism rename it as “The Reign of Christ.” But the name change doesn’t really help matters. As is clear in all of our readings, Jewish and Christian scripture is replete with imagery of kingship, especially in reference to God. In the Psalm, for example, God is depicted as a king seated upon a throne, and the language here suggests an analogy between the rule of God and the rule of Israel’s king, an analogy that has been adopted and extended by Christians down through the centuries. At the center of the Psalmist’s vision is an image of the king ruling in splendor and majesty, on a throne. 

Similar images dominate the readings from Daniel and Revelation. Both of them, as I mentioned last week, are apocalyptic texts, and in these excerpts we are treated to images of the world as the authors imagine it might become or will be, or even perhaps is, if we see the world as it really is, ruled and governed by a righteous and just God. Although we don’t see those themes in any of these three texts, the notion that God’s reign is a reign of peace and justice is self-evident. All of these images are meant to emphasize the fact that Christ’s kingship, though accompanied and understood with imagery from human experience of kingship, is of a totally different order. Christ’s kingship has no beginning or end; it will not fail or falter. 

 Whatever the imagery comes to mind: from human history, scripture, or even Hollywood spectacle, the reality of human kingship is rather different than its display. For that, the small portion of John’s gospel that was read serves us quite well. For that is how kingship has played out in human history, in oppression, injustice, and violence.

As Procurator or governor, Pilate was the most powerful person in this little corner of the world. He had come to Jerusalem, as he did every year during the Passover to be present during a time filled with tension. The Jewish community was remembering and celebrating God’s deliverance of the Hebrews from an evil and oppressive ruler, and given that they were living under an equally evil and oppressive tyranny, tensions always ran high. That explains, at least in part, the charge that was brought against Jesus—King of the Jews. It was not simply a mistake, or an effort by his Jewish opponents to get the Romans to do their work for them. It was, quite frankly, accurate. Jesus did pose a political threat to the Roman Empire. By preaching the coming of God’s reign, Jesus presented a direct challenge to Roman power, and to the local leadership who both benefited from, and helped to exert that power.

We see that confrontation front and center here. When Pilate asks Jesus, “Are you the king of the Jews? Jesus, and we suspect that Pilate is not asking the question honestly. He does not know, or care who Jesus is. In fact, he seems most interested in finding some way to avoid responsibility for what is taking place. And Jesus seems willing to help Pilate avoid what is to come. As the gospel of John tells the story, Pilate will make every effort to avoid condemning Jesus to death. He moves back and forth between Jesus and the other players in the drama—the crowd that according to John seeks Jesus’ death. He offers to free Jesus, but the crowd will have none of it. Then he stages a mock ritual of coronation with the purple robe and the crown of thorns. 

Pilate asks Jesus, “Are you the king of the Jews?” Jesus puts the question back on him, asking him his motives for the charge. But Pilate will have none of it, and so Jesus responds, “My kingdom is not of this world—cosmos, to use the Greek word. And here, our western, 21^st century conceptions get in the way of understanding what’s at stake. For when we hear Jesus saying, “My kingdom is not of this world,” we are inclined to think of the contrast between spiritual and material realms, or perhaps between political and religious, projecting our notions of completely separate spheres of human experience and human power back on to the first century.

But when Jesus says, “my kingdom is not of this cosmos” he is using a term that in the Gospel of John is introduced in the very first chapter, and recurs throughout. The world, the cosmos, is inveterately opposed to God: “He was in the world, and the world came into being through him; yet the world did not know him” (John 1:10). At every turn, the world rejected Jesus, yet throughout the gospel Jesus again and again expresses his desire and intent to save the world. 

For example, John 3:17: “God did not send the Son into the world to condemn the world, but in order that the world might be saved through him.” And John 12:47: “I came not to judge the world but to save the world.”

But Jesus’ efforts came to naught. As we see in this passage, his apparent attempt to sway Pilate away from the predetermined course of events was a failure. Pilate was enmeshed in the world, he saw things only in terms of power and self-protection and in the end, condemned Jesus to death.

This gospel story presents us with a grave temptation. It is likely that we see the confrontation between Pilate and Jesus as a historical event, with a clear winner and loser, and with no implications for our own lives, except that it resulted in the crucifixion.

Christ the King Sunday is a problem because it allows us to elide the distinction between the reign of Christ and the kingdoms of this world. Our king may not wear purple or a carry a crown, or even sit on a throne, but imperial power still holds sway and may be more brutal today than at any time in recent history. 

When we think of the kingship of Christ, our attention and focus should be, not on images of Christ ruling in majesty. Instead, what should come to mind are images of Jesus in the dock, facing the oppressive power of an unjust and evil regime. When we think of the kingship of Christ, we should think of Christ, not elevated or seated on a throne in majesty, but hanging on a cross, dying at the hands of oppressive, imperial power. 

When we think of the kingdom of Christ, we should contrast it with the kingdoms and empires of this world, fighting unjust and meaningless wars that claim millions of innocent victims. We should think of the devastation in Gaza, a brutal campaign of retribution and destruction waged by, yes, an imperial power. 

Over against those forces of evil and domination, we should think of Christ’s reign. We should think instead of Christ the victim, suffering at the hands of an imperial power, suffering with and for, those innocent victims, for refugees and asylum seekers, for prisoners and captives. And if we want to live under Christ’s reign, live in Christ’s reign, we should take our place beside those innocent victims, and work for justice and peace. For that is the nature of Christ’s reign, a reign not of this world, not of hate, or violence, injustice or oppression, but a reign of love, justice, and peace. May Christ’s reign come soon!