Candlemas

Today, February 2, is the Feast of the Presentation in the Temple. It is one of the most ancient commemorations in the church calendar, and has undergone significant transformation over the centuries. It honors the story in Luke 2 in which Joseph and Mary bring the infant Jesus to the temple. This was a practice in Judaism of the day when a mother would come to temple on the 40th day after birth, to offer sacrifices and be ritually purified. In the Luke story, Mary brings two turtledoves, the sacrifice specified for poor women. One of the focal points of the story is the song of Simeon, which he sings after seeing Jesus. Known as the Nunc Dimmitis, it begins “Master, now you are dismissing your servant in peace, according to your word, for my eyes have seen your salvation….”

In earlier centuries, this feast day was known as Candlemas. It was the day when the priest blessed the beeswax candles that would be used in the church in the coming year, and laypeople could bring their candles for blessing as well. Mary’s coming to the temple on the fortieth day after giving birth in keeping with Jewish observance had an a significant impact on medieval religious practice. In most of western Christianity, a similar rite “The Churching of Women” was observed on the 40th day. It remained in the prayer book until the 1979 revision. In the sixteenth century, when continental Protestants attempted to do away with it as “popish superstition” they met strong resistance from women, for the celebration had become an important rite of passage and reintegration into the community after childbirth.

Candlemas is a feast day rarely observed by contemporary Episcopalians—we don’t often even use beeswax candles any more. At St. James, most of our candles use oil rather than wax but it had cultural as well as religious significance. One of the legends in England said that a wintry Candlemas would make for a late spring, which is probably the origin of the idea of Groundhog Day.

Perhaps the most important part of the gospel story is Simeon’s song of praise, which is regularly used in the liturgy, especially in the daily office, at evensong or compline. The prayerbook version reads:

Lord, you now have set your servant free

To go in peace as you have promised

For these eyes of mine have seen the Savior,

Whom you have prepared for all the world to see:

A Light to enlighten the nations,

And the glory of your people Israel.

Happenings in Anglicanland

Once again, the world of Anglicanism has made it into the mainstream media. Finally all of the talk about a new province for North America has moved from the drawing board into the construction phase. You can read about it in all of the usual places. Remember as you read that things move very slowly (if at all) in the Anglican Communion and it is clear that there is little interest from the Archbishop of Canterbury to expedite matters.

Given the deep divisions among those who ware trying to create this new province, one wonders whether they will be able to pull it off. To name only one matter of deep disagreement: the ordination of women.

Meanwhile, we will continue to do the work of the church.

Lambeth Update

The bishops have been meeting all week and there has already been a great deal of speculation in the press and blogosphere. I encourage you to read the reports of the “blogging bishops.” They are often informative and full of insight into what it’s like to be meeting with 600 other bishops from across the world. The cultural, socio-economic, and even religious differences are vast, but it seems that people are talking to one another.

Of course the press sensationalizes. Thus we heard about the bishops of Sudan condemning The Episcopal Church for consecrating Bishop Robinson. What we didn’t hear in the press is that the deep ties between the Anglican Church in the Sudan and the Episcopal Church are strong and that many Sudanese bishops reassured their American colleagues of the importance of those relationships.

There is also a great deal in the press about the Windsor Continuation Group, with the screaming headlines across England: Anglicans to institute the Inquisition! The report of that group was met with considerable skepticism and will hardly be accepted as it stands.

The bishops marched in London on behalf of the Millennium Development Goals, and then they had tea with the Queen at Buckingham Palace.

It will probably get interesting later this week when the Bishops’ discussion groups finally take up the issues of sexuality and authority. Stay tuned!

Information on Lambeth

The Lambeth Conference begins today. Meeting every ten years, it brings together bishops from across the Anglican Communion for prayer and conversation, and occasionally to decide matters of doctrine and practice. There has already been a great deal of news about Lambeth–much of it having to do with who got invited and who didn’t, and about those boycotting.

Many of the primates from the Global South, most notably Nigeria and Uganda, announced they, and their bishops wouldn’t be attending. Others have boycotted less noisily. But it turns out that there is only one province (Uganda) with no bishops in attendance.

As always, Episcopal Cafe and Thinking Anglicans keep up with everything that’s going on. In addition, Episcopal Cafe has listed all of the blogging bishops here. Jim Naughton, one of the best Episcopal journalists is also present and blogging.

It will be interesting to follow the action, but I don’t expect a great deal to happen, especially legislatively. The Archbishop of Canterbury has made it quite clear that he wants to focus on bible study and reflection rather than on resolving the deep divisions. But we’re all likely to be surprised in the next couple of weeks.

Of course, the Archbishop of Canterbury has his hands full. The General Synod of the Church of England voted to ordain women bishops. It was a vote that sparked an uproar among conservatives, many of whom are threatening to leave the Church. There was a well-written profile of Archbishop Williams in the Guardian.

Schism after all?

GAFCON has spoken. Their concluding communique is available here. The Archbishop of Canterbury has responded. So, too has the Presiding Bishop. One should probably see this as another volley in a long-term struggle over Anglicanism. From the Archbishop of Canterbury’s statement, it is clear that he has grave theological and ecclesiological reservations about the communique and about the path the leaders of GAFCON are taking.

If you want to understand something of the theological background of the conflict, GAFCON appeals to the 39 Articles and to the 1662 Book of Common Prayer. The 39 Articles have been relegated to the “historical documents” section of our BCP. You should read them some time. The traditionalists bring together several streams of Anglicanism. One is Reformed, Calvinistic, which emphasizes human sinfulness. Another is Anglo-Catholicism, which draws on the rich theological, spiritual, and liturgical traditions of Catholicism. These two strands are mutually incompatible and are allied only because they have a common enemy–everyone else.

The 1662 prayer book has been mentioned before as one of the marks of Anglicanism. I’m not sure why contemporaries appeal to it. In fact, there is a strong tradition of alternatives to it, beginning with the Scottish Book of Common Prayer, with which the first American prayer book of 1789 was closely allied.

Most disturbing perhaps is the discussion by GAFCON of a “primates council” made up only of like-minded primates, self-selected. What this points to is an alarming trend, not just among conservatives, but throughout the Communion, of appealing to some central, hierarchical authority, independent of any lay involvement. The church, to thrive, needs to hear the voices of lay people at every level of government. It may be messy, but the alternative is authoritarianism.

Schism?

You may have heard something about GAFCON, the Global Anglican conference, or “pilgrimage” currently taking place in Jerusalem. It was organized as a conservative alternative to the Lambeth conference of Anglican bishops that will meet in late July. Many thought that the conference would result in an outright schism, with the traditionalists pulling out of the Anglican Communion and forming something new. While the final communique has not been released, it seems that no such drastic result will ensue. Instead, the traditionalists will continue to work from “within” to reform the Anglican Communion.

On the one hand, this news sounds somewhat positive. A split has been averted. On the other hand, it means that things will continue very much as they have for the past decade: conflict boiling over, vitriolic rhetoric, a singleminded focus on issues of sexuality.

A parishioner asked me last week why St. Christopher’s ended up where it did. He was suggesting that to focus solely on matters of sexuality was to lose sight of the work of the church. It seemed to him to have become something of an obsession with some. That’s certainly true, and it’s also true that one of the leaders of the conservatives in the US, when asked why he continued to do battle with the Episcopal Church rather than stepping away, replied, “I like a good fight.”

In the history of Christianity, conflict has often functioned to clarify issues, to define doctrine and polity, to shape the church. But the real advances have often come when people have chosen, or been forced to withdraw from the larger communion and gone their separate ways. Only centuries later have the opposing sides often come to see the depth of their commonality rather than only their differences. And conflict often leads many on the sidelines, or those less invested, to simply walk away entirely.

As the Anglican World Turns…

You may have heard about events surrounding St. Christopher’s, Spartanburg. Recently, many members of the vestry resigned, and the Rev’d George Gray, Rector, indicated to the Bishop that he was unable to continue serving. In response to these events, Bishop Henderson returned the parish to Mission status, and named the Rev’d Michael Bullock, Canon to the Ordinary, Priest-In-Charge. Bishop Henderson also inhibited the Rev’d Gray. If you would like to learn more about this, details are available on the diocesan website: www.edusc.org.

I visited St. Christopher’s a couple of times when we were living in Spartanburg. It is one of the most beautiful contemporary churches I know. I also have friends on staff there. This has been in process for a long time, and St. Chris’s has been a parish in trouble, for a number of reasons for a very long time, too. Let us pray that from this deep wound will emerge healing and new vitality in that place.

There is also increasing news as we look forward to the Lambeth Conference in July. Some bishops and provinces (notably Uganda) have declared that they will not be attending Lambeth and conservatives are organizing an alternative, known as GAFCON, which will take place in June. Stay tuned–things may get interesting, if you don’t find it all rather boring by now.

Choral Evensong

On Sunday afternoon, St. James received a wonderful gift–choral Evensong sung by Furman’s Chamber Choir, accompanied by our own Dr. Charles Tompkins. Evensong is one of the greatest contributions of Anglicanism to Christian worship. Its roots lie in the monastic hours of the Middle Ages, but when Thomas Cranmer prepared the first Book of Common Prayer, he sought to make the discipline of daily prayer available for all Christians. So he collapsed the monastic hours into two services of Morning and Evening Prayer and designed them so that all of the Psalter would be read in a month, and most of the Bible in a year.

Evening Prayer, or Evensong, as it came to be called, became one of the most popular services in many Anglican churches. In the cathedrals, where there were choirs and musicians available, Evening Prayer came to be sung, hence the name, Evensong.

Done well, as it was this past Sunday, Evensong is inspiring and spiritually rich, inviting the listener into a conversation with God through music. Many thanks to all who were involved–especially Dr. Karen Eshelman who organized it; the Furman students who sang, and senior Adam Pajan who took a seat at the organ for the postlude, to Dr. Bill Thomas, who directs the choir, and to Dr. Bill Allen, who was cantor.

I would hope that at some point in the future, St. James could put on its own Evensong and perhaps even make it a regular event.

The BBC broadcasts Evensong each week. Recordings are available here.

He stretched out his arms in love on the hard wood of the cross

I taught for a year at the School of Theology of the University of the South (Sewanee). During that time, and for the next year, too, I made a habit of attending Morning Prayer at the seminary. It is one thing to say MP for oneself; it is quite another to do it regularly in community. I quickly came to love one of the collects for mission that includes the phrase “you stretched out your arms on the hard wood of the cross that everyone might come within your saving embrace.”

At Eucharist last night, I talked about the meaning of the cross. The lessons were 1 Cor. 1 “I preach Christ crucified; a stumbling block to Jews and foolishness to Gentiles” and Jn 12: “And I, when I am lifted up from the earth, will draw all people to myself.”

It seems to me that so often the cross is a divider, a sign that is meant to create boundaries, to delineate who is in and who is out, but in the collect as well as in John 12:32, the cross is a uniter. I’ll be pondering the meaning of the cross more in the next days, and will probably preach on this in some way on Good Friday.

House of Bishops, and other things

A lot has been happening in Anglican-land, and perhaps an update is warranted. You may have heard in the news that Bishop Schofield and the Diocese of San Joaquin voted last December to leave the Episcopal Church and join the province of the Southern Cone (Latin America). That action, which is illegal under the Constitutions and Canons of the Episcopal Church led to Bishop Schofield’s deposition (removal) from the House of Bishops this week. In the meantime, the National Church is working hard to reconstitute the Diocese of San Joaquin with a new bishop. A diocesan convention will be held on March 29 to do the work of rebuilding the structures of the diocese.

Although lay and clergy delegates to the diocesan convention in December voted overwhelmingly in support of the action, surprisingly it seems that many parishes and more than 1/4 of the diocesan lay membership will remain Episcopal and participate in some form in this new convention and the new diocese.

The issue is the same as the issue with parishes. Individuals, lay and clergy, may leave the Episcopal Church, but neither parishes nor dioceses can. Parishes are created by dioceses, and dioceses are created by the General Convention.

There was also considerable discussion at the House of Bishops meeting concerning the Lambeth Conference coming up this summer.

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